Some of the fandom believes that the sprites weren’t seen in Act 7 because they’re game constructs and couldn’t enter the new universe. Hussie may have just decided not to include them in the animation. 

They were from Earth. One planet can have multiple sessions, whether or not more than one of those will bear fruit is undetermined

Yeppers

Yeah, the Gent of Piss (a joke title, but a title none the less)

No

forgottenhsfacts:

Carapcians are clones of the chess pieces shown here. They have no genitals as confirmed by Roxy. They eat human food as shown many times by WV. 

More specifically: Pawn carapacians have herbavor-like teeth and loves vegetables and anything green and prisoners on Prospit are given pumpkins, but other carapacians like Jack have sharp teeth,  prefer meat and hate fresh produce. Heart Boxcar did eat eggs that one time too

Carapcians are clones of the chess pieces shown here. They have no genitals as confirmed by Roxy. They eat human food as shown many times by WV. 

Answered here. 

EDIT: The link I included isn’t working for some reason so I’ll just copy my answer.

There are some songs that have voices in them that are meant to be interpreted as a certain character but these aren’t necessarily canon.

Answered here.

Edit: I guess none of my links are working, sorry about that. 

Rainbow Drinkers are essentially the Alternian equivalent of Twilight vampires. They can withstand sunlight and radiate light. They can also run very fast. Kanaya and Porrim’s conversation in the Openbound flash games confirms that the condition is directly related to jade blood. Kanaya theorized that jade bloods developed the condition after being in the dark birthing caverns for so long while Rose theorized that they developed the abilities in order to scare away predators from wigglers.

Bronze blood thing.